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<article>
<title><b>Utilization of heterosis for improving yield and yield components in maize</b></title>
<authors>B. V. Vara Prasad and D. Shivani</authors>
<keywords>Maize,   heterosis,   yield, hybrids   </keywords>
<pages>4-12</pages>
<issue_number>2 (1) 2018</issue_number>
<issue_period>January,2018</issue_period>
<abstract>An experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Madhira for utilization of heterosis for improving yield and to understand the magnitude of average heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis in fourty five hybrids developed by crossing 15 lines with 3 testers in maize during <i>kharif </i>2015. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the parents and hybrids for various characters studied. Most of the hybrids showed negative mid parent and better parent heterosis values for days to 50 % tasselling and days to 50 % silking values, indicating that the hybrids tend to flower earlier than their parents. Majority of the hybrids recorded positive significant values for plant height. For ear characters like ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row, test weight and seed yield, all the hybrids recorded positive significant heterosis and heterobeltiosis values indicating effectiveness of hybrid breeding to evolve better performing hybrids. The average heterosis for test weight ranged from 1.93 (MRC 1157 x BML 7) to 44.93 (MRC 1095 x BML 5). Seed yield also recorded positive heterotic values from 9.39 (MRC 1104 x BML 7) to 119.86 (MRC 1117 x BML 13) and heterobeltiosis values from 4.60 (MRC 1132 x BML 7) to 118.07 (MRC 1070 x BML 5) in the present study. Large number of hybrids showed superiority over their parents for various traits indicating existence of substantial heterosis in these hybrids and potential of these inbred lines for hybrid development.</abstract>
</article>
